Pump



H. F. HANSEN.

PUMP. APPLICATION Hm; nn. 8. 1919.

1,370,810. Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

IN VE N 70/? HARYEYFHANSEJY V A TTOBNEY H. F. HANSEN.

P UMP. APPLICATION FILED MAR. s. 1919. I 1,370,810, Patented Mar. 8,1921. f 4 \o g 4 snsns-suzn 2.

g INVEHOR hams 1 1521252X A TTORNEY H. F. HANSEN.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED mm. 8. I919.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- H. F. HANSEN.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED "AR. 8, 1919.

1,370,810. Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

IN VEN TOR FE Ham 2y Ffiawszy @ZM m1 A 77' ORNE I ITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

' specification of Letter: Eatent.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921'.

mm... fled March a, 1919. Serial No. 201,531.

and useful invention-to wit, an Im rovement in Pumps; and I'do herebyeclare the following to be a full, clear, concise, and exact descriptionof the same.

The invention relates particularly to rotary pumps of the vane type.Among the objects of the invention are to provide means for varying thecapacity of the pump by varying the displacement therein, and reversethe direction of fiow without reversing the direction of rotation of the'pump.

Another object is to provide means for gradually increasi the capacityof the pumpin handlin viscous and slow-flowing fluids, by gradua lyincreasing the velocity of flow as the inertia of the liquid isovercome.

A further object is to provide means whereby the capacity'of the pumpmay be automatically varied in accordance with the suction or pressureexerted by the pump.

Other objects and advantages will appear as this description progresses.

In this specification and the annexed drawings, the invention .isillustrated in the form considered to be the best, but it is to beunderstood that the invention is not limited to such form, because itmay be embodied in other forms, and it is also to be understood that inand by the claims following the description, it is desired to cover theinvention in whatsoever form it may be embodied.

In the accompanying four sheets of drawigure 1 is a cross section of apump constructed in accordance with this invention taken on the line, IIFig. 2. I

Fig. 2 is a plan view from above of the same in cross section taken onthe line II II Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 isacross section similar to Fig. 1' with the rotating elementsremoved and the automatic capacity governor substituted for the manualgovernor shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the subcasing with end cover removed.

' Fig. 5 is a cross section of the same taken on the line V-V Fig.4-with cover attached.

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the carrier ring with. flange removed.

Fig. 7 is a cross section of the same taken on the line VIIVII Fig. 6with flange attail ied.

i 8, 9 and 10 are rogressive di ams show ig the cycles of afction in vathe capac ty of the pump from neutra to full pumping capacitiy. I

Among the a vantages of this pump is that the consumption of power is indirect proportion to the volume umped against a set pressure. It ispossibi; also to directl connect the pump to the motive wer, h as anelectric motor or other 23 gme, w thout intermediate reduction gearmg,as it 1s posslble to gradual] apply'the load by varying the capacity ofThis is particularly advantageous in pum mg heavy, viscous masses suchas oil. reduced ca acity of the pump gradually overcomes t e inertia ofthe column pumped against, without overloading the prime mover, orplacing undue stress on the pumping element. As a fire pump thisinvention s particularly advant us, as the capac- 1ty may be varied inirect proportion to the water discharged, without wasting water bypassing it through by-passes or bleeders with a consequent waste ofpower. If a 1m-e of hose is suddenly shutoff, the automatic governorproportionately controls the output of the pump and contrawise. I Thispresent app ication bears some relat1on to the patent to H. A. Bullard,No. 1,210,042, issued December 26th, 1916, and at resent owned by myassignee.

n detail, the construction illustrated in the drawings includes, theinclosing casing 1 having the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 and theair-chamber 4. The inlet 2 and the outlet 3 are substantially tangentialto the cylindrical casing 1 which'is concentric with the axis of therotor. The drive shaft 6 is mounted in the bearings 7 8 and 10, that arerespectively bolted to the casing 1 and supported on the pedestal 9fixed to the base 11. The bearing 7 is contained within the lateralextension 12 of the cover plate 13 on the casing and is closed at theouter end by the cap 14 to prevent leakage. The opposite extension ofthe shaft 6, between the bearings 8 and 10, is provided with thestuffing box 16 adapted to be filled with any suitable packingcompressed by the gland 17 surrounding the shaft. The gland 17 isadvanced by means of the stud bolts 19 fixed in the extension 21 of thecover plate rm of en- I the pump.

22 of the casing, and advanced by the nuts 23 threaded on the stud bolts19 and bearin against the gland 17.

The subcasing 26 is cylindrical in cross section, having a centralchamber 27, and is slidably supported within the casing on the lugs 28and 29 slidable within the guide slots 31 and 32 respectively, providedinternally on the diametric center line of the inclosing casing 1,whereby the subcasingis movable transversely within the main casing 1.This movement is accomplished by means of the spindle 33, threaded inthe lug 29 and swiveled at 34 in the extension 36 of the casing. Thisspindle is surrounded by the stuffing box 37 to prevent leakage, and ismanipulated by means of the convenient handle 38. The by-passes 3939communicate with the spaces intermediate the ends of the lugs 28 and 29and the ends of the guide slots 31 and 32 within the interior of thecasing, to equalize the pressure on the subcasing and counterbalance itsmovement. The ends of the subcasing are closed by the integral end 41,and the removable end.42'

screwed thereto. These ends 41 and 42 are provided with the slots 43-43respectively, clearing the shaft 6 and permitting the movement of thesubcasing with respect thereto. These covers 41 and 42 are provided withthe integral inwardly extending concentric necks 44 and 46 surroundingthe shaft 6. The side-plates 13 and 22 suitably bolted to the inclosingcasing 1 are drawn snugly against the ends of the subcasing to preventleakage at these points, that are further packed by the annular taperedexpansion ring 47, interposed between the cover 22 and the contiguousside of the subcasing, the tapered ring being compressed against theinclined side of the slot provided therefor and having a normal tendencyto rise thereoutof causes the ring 47 to bear snugly against thecontiguous sides of the subcasing, and force it laterally against theopposite cover plate 13.

The rotor 48 is keyed at 49, on the shaft 6 and rotates concentricallytherewith. This rotor is provided with the sockets 51, 52, and 53extending across the rotor parallel with the shaft 6. The oscillatingpacking members 56, 57 and 58, oscillate freely within their respectivesockets, within which they fit snugly enough to prevent leakage atpoints of contact. The vanes 61, 62 and 63 slide freely at radial angleswithin the oscillating packing members 56, 57 and 58 respectively. Theouter ends of these vanes are provided with the round heads 66, 67 and68 extending across their width and pivotally engaging sockets 7071 and72, Fig. 6, provided therefor at spaced intervals along the interiorperiphery of the carrier ring 73.

This carrier ring 73 is cylindrical in form and fits concentricallywithin the subcasing and is rotatable with respect thereto, on the hubs76 and 77 encircling the extensions 46 and 44 surrounding the slots 43in the subcasing. The carrier ring is driven synchronously with therotor through the intermediary of the pins 81, 82 and 83 having theiropposite endsfixed in the sides 84 and 85 of the carrier ring andextending thereacross through the openings 86, 87 and 88 provided in therotor. These openings are of suflicient size to allow for the necessarydifferential movement in the rotor and the carrier ring when the latteris moved eccentrically to the rotor by the movements of the subcasingwhich gives two centers of opera tion. See Figs. 8, 9 and 10. Theinterposition of the driving pins 81, 82 and 83 in contacting engagementwith the holes in the rotor relieves the vanes 61, 62 and 63 of alldriving action, leaving them free to oscillate in their planetarymovement around the drive shaft 6, in accommodating themselves to theirvariations in angle of inclination between the rotor and the carrierring, both of which they pivotally engage.

To insure lateral contact between the ends ofthe rotor and the carrierring, the'annular packing ring 89 is interposed and forced against theside of the rotor by the expansion of the coil springs 91. This annularring 89 overlaps the eccentric path of the rotor within the carrier ringagainst which it bears snugly and prevents leakage at this point. Theintroduction of the packing rings 47 and 89 insures the proper andconstant sealing of the movable parts against each other, at the sametime allowing for a certain lateral resiliency to take up wear and avoidthe necessity for setting the contacting parts too close in originaladjustment.

The inclosing casing 1 is divided horizontally on its center diameter bythe interposition of the subcasing 26 with the extended lugs 28 and 29hermetically fitting and sliding within the sockets 31-32 providedtherefor in the casing 1. through this subcasing is through the inletport 92 and the outlet port 93 formed in the periphery of the subcasingbetween its sides, see Fig. 5. These ports 92 and 93 are respectivelyopened and closed 96, 97 and 98 formed in the periphery of the carrierbetween its sides and between the peripheral shoes 100, 101 and 102,rotatably sealed against the interior periphery of the subcasing. Thecarrier is divided into three distinct chambers between the vanes 61, 62and 63 and the periphery of the rotor sealed by the oscillating packingmembers 56, 57 and 58, the carrying capacity of which chambers may bevaried at will, as will hereinafter be more fully described. Thepositions of the vanes with respect to the inlet Passage by the portsports 92 and 93'are timed so that there is a closed interval between twoadjacent vanes in passing the peripheral walls 103 and 104 of thesubcasing, for instance, the distance between the ends' of the shoe 102and the beginning of the shoes 100 and 101 is slightly less than thelength ofthe unbroken wall 103 of the subcasing, which is likewise true011 the opposite side with respect to the wall 104, whereby the fluidtaken in between any two vanes on the inlet side 2 of the inclosingcasing is confined between those walls passing the division wall 103before discharging into the upper half of the inclosing casingcommunicating with the discharge side 8.

This invention operates substantially as follows:

Power is applied to the protruding end of the shaft 6 at 106 to rotatethis Shaft preferablyin a clockwise direction. Referring to Fig. 1, thesubcasing and the rotor being in concentric or neutral relation,rotation has no displacing effect, and the pump will operate withoutresult, requiring only the power necessary to overcome the inertia andfriction of the parts, the centers of operation being coincident asshown in Fig. 8. When the governor handle 38 is rotated in a clockwisedirection, the righthand thread on the spindle 33 engaging the lug 29,will force the subcasing laterally to the left, as shown in F ig. 9.This reduces the distance between the periphery 'of the rotor and'theinterior periphery of the subcasing on the right-hand side, withasimilar enlargement of the distance between these elements on theleft-hand side, giving a crescent-shaped space as illustrated by thecycles of operation X-Y. This will cause the pump to transfer asmallquantity of fluid from the-intake side 2, to the discharge side 3 of thecasing with each revolution of the rotor and the dividing vanes.Continued. rotation of the governor handle 38 in the clockwise directionwill increase the distance between the cycles of operation X and Ylikewise increasing the capacity of the pump by increasing thevolumetric capacity of the space between any two vanes and the wall 103,until the maximum capacity is reached. This operation is facilitated bythe synchronous compensating drive between the carrier ring and therotor previously described. The fluid is pumped in at the port 92 andout of the port 9.3 of .the subcasing as the various shoes 100, 101 and102 pass thereacross, dividing off a quantity of the fluid in accordancewith the capacity of the space between the vanes. As these shoes 100 to102 out across the edge of the wall 104, the fluid elevated in'the upperhalf of the casing is prevented from returning through the subcasing,because of the squeezing action that would exerted thereon I because ofthe difference in volumetric capacity on opposite sides of .the

rotor with respect to the subcasing and by the sealing ofi' by the wall104 and the carrier and rotor. Any slight pulsations'that may resultfrom the cut-off of the vanes in discharging would be absorbed by thecushioning effect of the air-chamber 4L communicating with the upperhalf of the inclosing casing, reactingaga-inst the statlc head of thefluid pumped. It is obvious that the which forces the subcasing to theright, giving the greater volumetric capacity between the rotor and thecarrier ring on the rightheud side, resulting in reversing the low ofthe fluid through the pump without reversing the direction of rotationof the rotor shaft 6. All of the variations in volumetric capacity arepossible in pumping in either direction. Obviously the shaft 6 may berotated in either direction with similar functioning of the parts, butthe present design is intended to be run in the dire'tion ldescribed."The by-passes 39- -39 opening the static head pressure to the spaces 31and 32 behind the lugs 28 and 20 counterbalance the pressure on theopposite side of the subcasing, making its movement free and easy, bymeans of the governor mechanism. The interior of'the rotor is open tothe sockets 51, 52 and 53'through the ports 106, 107 and .108communicating with the ports leading into the interior of theoscillating packing membersti, 57 and 58 permitting any leak- 1 agepassing the vanes to enter the sockets and pass into the interior of therotor, where in it is confined between the stuffing box 10 I and the endcap 14 sealing the shaft. the

pressure gradually building up in the interior of the rotor until it isequal to the static h eadbelng pumped against, in this ,mannerequalizing the pressure on all operative parts and eflectively sealingthe whole interior of the pump a ainst leakage, also counterbalancmg thedisplacement of the various vanes in entering and receding from theirrespective oscillating packing members 56, 57 and 58; their operationbeing synchronized the advance of one is equal to the'retraction of itscompanion members. This interior counterbalancing of pressure will formthe subject of a separate application for patent. The automatic governorillustrated irrFig. 3 consists ofth'e lateral chamber 111 preferablyformed integral with the inclosing casing 1, the upper portion of whichcommunicates therewith through the-bypass" 112, whereby the same."static pressure-exists in the chamber 111 "that existsi n the upper"half or discharge case to the 'lugs' 29 towhich the link 114 is pivotedat 115.f' The chamber 111 is provided withau upward cylindricalextension 116, bored'and finished-to receive the reciprocating cupleather-j piston 117 therein,

'fixed on the piston rod 118 between the;

shoulder 119 and [the threaded nut 120 screwed onto the piston 'rodabove the 'piston. The 'calibratiadfspring 121' is confined betweenthe'nut 120'and the adjustable plug 122 threaded'imthe'cap 123 fixed inthe upper end of the [cylinder 116 through which the piston rod slidesfreely. The-upper end of this cap is" provided with the lock nut 124,and the upper end of the plug is squared-at 126 to"re'ceive a wrench forscrewing it} into and out of the cap 123 to vary the tension ofthespring 121 bearing against the piston, the desired ten-.

sion being fixed by setting u the nut 124. The descent of the piston isunited by the nut 127threaded thereon and set bi thejam nut 128 toregulate the descent o the piston, the nut 127 abutting the topof theplug 122. The lower end of. thepiston rod 118 is provided with .the'yokeend 129 pivoted at 131 "to the extension 132 of the bell-crank lever 133fulcrumed at 134 on a pin extending across the chamber 111. The upperendof the bell-crank is pivoted at 136 to the link 114. The bell-crankis provided withan abutment 137 existing on the stem 138 threaded in thecap 139 fixed in the lower end of the chamber 111 and h p 'what I claimanddesire to secure by Letsurrounding the stem 138 witha stulfing glandas at 141, the lower end of the same being squared as at 142 forreception of ,a

,wrench for adjusting the stem within the cap 139. The abutment 137 ispivoted on the end of the stem 138 to limit the upward rise of,the'piston 117, the rise and fall of this piston operating through the?connecting bell-crank mechanism exerts a 'lateral push and pull on thesubcasing to which it is attached, in accordance with the variations ofpressure existing within the chamber 111 acting against the piston. Asthe pressure increases in the upper half of the inclosing casing, it iscommunicated through the by-pass 112 forcing the piston upward,permitting the piston to ascend against the-pressure of the expansionspring 121. This throws the subcasing over to the right decreasing thecapacity of the pump until the pressure lowers in the upper half of thecasing and in the chamber 111 restoring the piston to its calibratedlevel,

'thus automatically maintaining a given pressure within the upperportion of the inclosing casing connecting with the various"dischargemembers, such as fire hose, and. "the like. the'pressu'rerises tonormal, the subcasing returns to its set position.

An excessive pressure in the casing 1 is prevented by the automaticoperation of the governor piston which rises and advancesthe subcasin'gto the set position determined by the height of the stem 138 fixed in anobvious manner. This automatic gov- "ernor is particularly valuable inconnection with fire pumps, in which the load may drop from the maximumto the minimum with the'sudden shut-off of one or more of the leads fromthe pump. If the whole dison the abutment 137. Thegovernor may be set tooperate between any limit of pres sure by a mere adjustment of the nut127 v "on the piston rod or the threadedstem 138 charge is cut oilsuddenly, the governor spect siimilar to the manual governor shown inFig. 1 but dispenses .with the necessity of manual manipulation and theservices of an operator. The function of regulating the capacity of thepumprelieves the motor ipower of the possibility of an overload andeliminates the'possibillty of undue strain on pipe lines and the like,which the pump may be serving, the apparatus thus being as nearly as maybe self-protecting and automatic in all its actions.

Havingthus described this invention,

tersPatent of the United States is v 1. A rotary pump comprising aninclosing casing; 21. subcasing movable within said casing; a carrierwithin said subcasing; a rotor within said carrier; means forsynchronously driving said rotor and said carrier; and vanes pivotally'.and slidably engaging said rotor and earring-respectively.

casing; a rotor concentrically rotatable in said casing; a subcasingsurrounding said rotor; a carrier interposed between said rotor andsubcasing; vanes interposed between said rotor and carrier; and meansfor moving said subcasing with respect to said rotary pump comprising aninclosing ing casing; a shaft ourna carrier; and vanes interposedbetween said rotor and carrier. 4. A rotary pump comprising an inclosedin said casing; a subcaslng movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; 9. carrier concentrically rotatable in saidsubcasing journaled on said hubs; a rotor fixed on said shaft; pins insaid carrier engaging said rotor, and vanes interposed between saidrotor and carrier.

5. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled onsaid casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft andhaving transverse openin therethrough; a carrier concentric with saldsubcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openings; and vanesinterposed between said carrier and rotor.

6. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled onsaid casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft andhaving'transverse openings therethrough; a carrier concentric with saidsubcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openin s; vanes pivoted insaid carrier and exten ing into said rotor; and oscillating packingmembers interposed between said vanes and said rotor.

7. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a subcasing within saidcasin means fixed in said casing for moving said subcasing relativethereto; a carrier within said subcasing; a rotor within said carrier;means for synchronously driving said rotor and said carrier; and vanespivotallyand slidably engaging said rotor and carrier respectively.

8. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a rotor concentricallyrotatable 1n said casing; a subcasing surrounding said rotor; a carrierinterposed between said rotor and subcasing; vanes interposed betweensaid rotor and carrier and means for varying the position of thesubcasing relative to the inclosing casing and rotor.

9. A rotary p'ump comprising an inclosing casing; a subcasing withinsaid casing; automatic means fixed within the casing and operated by thepressure therewlthm for moving said subcasing relative thereto; a.carrier within said subcasing; a rotor within said carrier; means forsynchronously driving said rotor and carrier; and means pivotally andslidably engaging said rotor and carrier respectively.

10. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing a rotor concentricallyrotatable in saidcasing; a subcasing surrounding said rotor; extensionson said subcasing slidably mounted in sald casing; a carrier mter'posedbetween said rotor and subcasing; vanes mcasing relative thereto andconduits con- I necting the interior of the casing with the subcasingslide mountings for equalizing the pressure thereon.

12. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled insaid casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; means for moving said subcasing relative to saidinclosing casing; a carrier concentrically rotatable in said subcasingjournaled on said hubs; a rotor fixed on said shaft; pins in saidcarrier engaging said rotor, and vanes interposed between said rotor andcarrier.

13. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled insaid casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; automatic means fixed within'the casing andoperated by the pressure therewithin for moving said subcasing relativethereto; a carrier concentrically rotatable in said subcasing iournaledon said hubs; a rotor fixed on said shaft;

pins in said carrier engaging said rotor, and

vanes interposed between said rotor and carr1er.

14. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled insaid casing; a subcasing mounted within said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; extensions on said subcasing adapted to slidablyposition the same within said casing; automatic means fixed within thecasing and operated by the pressure therewithin for mova subcasingmovable in said casing and hav-- ing hubs surrounding said shaft; arotor concentrically mounted on said shaft and having transverseopenings therethrough; means for varying the axes of eccentricity ofsaid subcasing and said rotor; a carrier concentric with said subcasing;pins in said carrier engaging said openings; and vanes interposedbetween said rotor and carrier.

16. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled insaid casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft andhaving transverse openings therethrough; automatic means fixed withinthe casing and operated by the pressure therewithin for moving saidsubcasing relative thereto; a carrier concentric with said subcasing;pins in said carrier engaging said openings; and vanes interposedbetween said rotor and carrier.

'17. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled insaid casing; asubcasing movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft andhaving transverse openings therethrough; means for moving said subcasingrelative to said inclosing casing and rotor; a carrier concentrio withsaid subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging said openings; vanespivoted in said carrier and extending into said rotor; and oscillatingpacking members interposed between said vanes and rotor.

18. A rotary pump comprising an inclosing casing; a shaft journaled insaid casing; a subcasing movable in said casing and having hubssurrounding said shaft; a rotor concentrically mounted on said shaft andhaving transverse openings therethrough; automatic means fixed withinthe casing and operated by the pressure therewithin for varying the axisof eccentricity of said subcasing relative to said rotor; a carrierconcentric with said subcasing; pins in said carrier engaging saidopenings; vanes pivoted in said carrier and extending into said rotor;and oscillating packing members inter )osed between said vanes androtor.

n testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at San F rancisco,California, this v 15th day of January, 1919.

, HARVEY F. HANSEN.

In presence of- BALDWIN VALE.

